Barker differentiates between space and place. Places are the focus of human experience, memory, social interactions, etc… The political economy is distributed according to certain spaces and cities: the global city is the location of the accumulation, distribution, and circulation of capital. Public space is also often privatized in elitism. The postmodern city is characterized by globalization, decentralization, fragmentation, and hyperreal. Urban unrest within this postmodern city is on the rise due to abandonment of the ‘underclass.’
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